The activity of copper-containing substances in the solution is 10−3 M and the activity of sulphur-containing substances is equal to 10−1 M at a total pressure of 0.1 MPa. The product is electrowon cobalt metal, 99.65–99.7% Co. Cobalt recovery from concentrate to metal is ~62%. The iceman's hair contained high levels of the toxin arsenic, which may indicate the man was exposed to the element during copper … A black colloidal precipitate of CuS is formed when hydrogen sulfide, H 2 S, is bubbled through solutions of Cu(II) salts. This substance is mainly used as a pesticide in agricultural or nonagricultural practices to help eliminate bacteria, algae, roots, plants, snails and fungi. 25 °C – pH=5.7÷9.2 (∆pH=3.5); Eh=−0.56÷−0.31 (∆Eh=0.25). Copper sulphate is a very versatile chemical with as extensive a range of uses in industry as it has in agriculture. Product Name: Copper Iron Sulfide Product Number: All applicable American Elements product codes, e.g. Dyes - Copper sulfate can also be used as a mordant in vegetable dyeing. However, only low conductivities can be obtained. These methods are called leach-precipitation-flotation and are applied to mixed sulfide ores. Curing \"Proud Flesh\" on Horses. Figure 5.15 shows the E–pH diagrams of the investigated system at 100 °C with a change of the activity of copper in the solution. Extraction of Cobalt and Copper from Sulfide and Mixed Sulfide-oxide Ores. Expert control systems help to optimize the performance of flotation plants. Copper sulfate CuSO 4 found its application in various fields of human activity. Further evidence that the assignment of the so-called "valence hole" should be to the S2 units in these two formulae is the length of the S-S bonds, which are significantly shorter in CuS (0.207 nm) and CuS2 (0.203 nm) than in the "classical" disulfide Fe2+(S2)2− (0.218 nm). Fig. In contrast, recycling copper typically uses 90% less energy. Species diagrams should be applied to these purposes, as discussed later. Details of Industrial Leaching of Copper–Cobalt Sulfate Roaster Calcine, Figure 30.7∗. Most minerals require the application of both an acidic environment and an oxidizing agent to leach copper as Cu2+. The pregnant solution goes to solvent extraction to separate Cu2+ from Co2+ and eventually to copper electrowinning and cobalt electrowinning. W. G. Mumme, R. W. Gable, V. Petříček, Canadian Mineralogist; (2012); 50; 423-430. Ingredient: Copper (I) Sulfide. The residuum is removed from the cell and re-melted/cast into fresh anodes and fresh anodes are placed in the cell. 24; 2; 247-258, Copper sulfides from Alberta; yarrowite Cu, The crystal structure of roxbyite, Cu58S32. Finally, in relation to the study of the RVO and PAX collector mixtures, it was found that a mixture of 60 g/t of RVO and 40 g/t of PAX in the absence of foaming agent presented the best results in terms of copper recovery (98.66%) and the selectivity index with respect to pyrite (2.88) and silica (14.65), improving PAX selectivity and recovery compared to the use of RVO as the only collector. The estimated flotation stage recoveries and the feed mass flow rates are given in Table 1. Copper sulfate is an inorganic compound that combines sulfur with copper that has been registered for use in the United States since 1956. The input is high-purity cobalt sulfate electrolyte ~20 g/L Co2+. The chemical properties of copper sulfide are provided in the table below: Decomposition of bornite may also follow another reaction path: In this case, at lower pH (<8) and low Eh (≈−0.40…−0.35) H2SO3 is formed, where sulfur is oxidized from S2− (in bornite) to S4+ (in H2SO3), and further decomposition follows: Copper, for its part, is reduced (bornite contains both Cu2+ and Cu+) to Cu+, whereas iron does not change its valence, as Fe2+ ions are formed. In chemistry, a "binary copper sulfide" is any binary chemical compound of the elements copper and sulfur. 1. In the mining industry, the minerals bornite or chalcopyrite, which consist of mixed copper-iron sulfides, are often referred to as … In this example, the production of a copper concentrate is investigated. The anodes are electrolytically refined in cells sketched in Figure 8. After mineralogical examination, we decided to divide the ore into four species for characterization: Cp (100% CuFeS2), CpPy (95% CuFeS2 - 5% FeS2), PyAs (70% FeS2 - 30% AsFeS), and Sc (100% SiO2). Otzi the Iceman (3300 BCE) was found with an axe that had a head consisting of nearly pure copper. Copper sulfate is an inorganic compound made by combining two elements, sulfur and copper. The equilibrium diagrams of the Cu–S–Cl–H2O system at temperatures of 25, 100 and 150 °C are shown in Fig. 5.14. Fig. The issue of the valence of copper in sulfides (as well as selenides and tellurides) continues to be revisited in the literature. ROASTING OF SULFIDE MINERALS In addition to common metals like copper, lead, zinc, and nickel a number of other metals such as antimony, bismuth, cadmium, cobalt, mercury, and molybdenum occur as sulfide minerals. 4 FIRST AID MEASURES. White metal compounds are low reactive and thus useful for bi-component fibre manufacturing. Leaching systems using copper chloride as an oxidation agent are also being introduced. Typical operating conditions for copper electrorefining cells are (Habashi 1998): 100–200 Amps m−2 at a cell voltage of 0.3 V with an electrolyte of 40 g L−1 of copper and 150–200 g l of sulfuric acid. Sketch of a copper electrorefining cell from (Evans and DeJonghe 2002). A typical benefit of the solution is markedly textile-fibre-like properties with reasonable conductivity. Copper sulfate is also used in order to help with public health and safety. In this example, the production of a copper concentrate is investigated. A glance at Table 1, shows that there is little tendency for the iron in the electrolyte to co-deposit with the copper; copper deposition is thermodynamically much more favorable. Prominent copper sulfide minerals include Cu2S and CuS. Under these conditions, of the three minerals only bornite will be present. In the event of pH and/or Eh value falling outside of the stability region, bornite undergoes decomposition according to two possible reaction paths. This table describes concentrate production. Principal impurities are iron and precious metals (gold and silver). Flotation is commonly used to concentrate copper sulfide minerals, such as chalcopyrite (CuFeS2). Figure 8. It often highlights the green tints of the specific dyes. The universal technique for this concentration is froth flotation of finely ground ore. Froth flotation entails attaching fine Cu-sulfide mineral particles to bubbles and floating them out of a water–ore mixture. Siew Wei Goh, Buckley A.N., Lamb R.N: Copper(II) sulfide?, Min. This bond length difference has been ascribed to the higher bond order in (S-S)− compared to (S-S)2− due to electrons being removed from a π* antibonding orbital. Copper sulfate, also known as bluestone, is an inexpensive herbicide and algaecide with a variety of applications. Its crystal structure is analogous to that of pyrite, with all sulfur atoms occurring as S-S units. Copper sulfide is a crystalline solid used as a semiconductor and in photo optic applications. Common Names and Synonyms: Cuprous sulfide. Certain metal salts like copper sulphide and copper iodide are predominantly utilised for electrically conductive coatings on fibres, as they are easily processable using ordinary textile technology. This division of copper into species depends not only on temperature but also on the total activity of copper in the solution. The principal difference lies in what occurs at the anodes: oxygen evolution at the electrowinning anodes, dissolution of copper (the reverse of reaction 1) at the electrorefining anodes. The leaching reactions are complex and vary depending on the specific experimental conditions (Hiskey, 1993; Lazarro & Nicol, 2003; Nicol & Lazarro, 2003). Pourbaix diagram of the Cu–Fe–S–O–H2O system at 25 °C. The copper content of the solution varies from less than 1 g/L to several grams per liter. New Window. TABLE 30.2. At these concentrations of Cu, Fe, and S in ground water the stability regions of cubanite and chalcopyrite are nonexistent, which is accordant with reactions (1) and (2). The principal difference lies in what occurs at the anodes: oxygen evolution at the electrowinning anodes, dissolution of copper – the reverse of reaction [1], at the electrorefining anodes. Research done by Havlik (2008) and others (Peters, 1977) has demonstrated that cubanite is not stable in a hypergenic environment and in the presence of water and oxygen is converted at a fast rate into chalcopyrite according to reaction equation: whereas the formed chalcopyrite in the same environment will undergo further conversion into bornite according to reaction equation: Bornite is a more stable copper and iron sulphide in a hypergenic environment than cubanite and chalcopyrite. The flotation is made selective by using reagents, which make the Cu-sulfide minerals water-repellant (hydrophobic) while leaving the other minerals wetted (hydrophilic). Copper sulfide minerals require the use of acid and an oxidizing agent to break the mineral lattice and release Cu2+ into solution (Sherrit, Pavlides, & Weekes, 2005). Figure 8. world, some projects consider the use of seawater to process coper ores by flotation in countries such as Chile, Australia and Indonesia [8]. DATE OF LAST REVISION: 07/09/15. The use of copper dates back more than 10,000 years. At very high pressures, a copper disulfide, CuS2, can be synthesized. K. NowińskaA. 7. On-stream particle size and on-stream X-ray fluorescence analyses are key components of this automatic control. Some copper sulfides are economically important ores. 5 °C – pH=5.9÷10.3 (∆pH=4.4); Eh=−0.58÷−0,30 (∆Eh=0.28). After mineralogical examination, we decided to divide the ore into four species for characterization: Cp (100% CuFeS 2 ), CpPy (95% CuFeS 2 - 5% FeS 2 ), PyAs (70% FeS 2 - 30% AsFeS), and Sc (100% SiO2). The valence of copper in sulphides and selenides: An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study, Folmer J.C.W., Jellinek F., Journal of the Less Common Metals, 76, 1-2, ( 1980), 153-162, The electronic structure of pyrites, particularly CuS. Therefore, it appears that the application of E–pH diagrams to chloride systems is more complicated than in the case of the sulphate systems owing to the fact that the chloride form a large number of species, electropositive, electronegative and electroneutral. Preparation of Advance Electrolyte for Cobalt Electrowinning∗. Deposition of slags of the presented mineral composition in the environment may produce certain effects in surface and/or ground waters. For instance, anhydrous copper sulfate can be used as a dehumidifying agent. Copper sulfide is a copper sulfide, a chemical compound of copper and sulfur. It destroys algae and bacteria caused by growing algae in swimming pools in addition to preventing athlete’s foot, a fungal infection that grows in between the toes in warm climates (such as an indoor swimming pool). Mixed monosulfide and disulfide compounds of copper contain both monosulfide (S2−) as well as disulfide (S2)n− anions. In order to determine these effects, detailed simulations of the behavior of the main mineral component of the metallic inclusions in the slag, i.e., cubanite, were carried out. In the mining industry, the minerals bornite or chalcopyrite, which consist of mixed copper-iron sulfides, are often referred to as "copper sulfides". Copper sulfate helps in eradicating snails that harbor the parasite responsible for … Modern concentrators are automatically controlled to give maximum Cu recovery, maximum % Cu in the concentrate, and maximum ore throughput rate at minimum cost. In dump leaching, the pH of the solution is maintained between 1.5 and 3.0, partly to preserve bacteria that promote and accelerate the oxidation of purity and copper sulfate minerals and also to prevent hydrolysis of iron salts. Evans, in Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, 2016. Copper sulfate is an eff… But it is more often used to clear sewer lines of invasive tree roots, which can burst pipes and lead to costly repairs if left untreated. INHALATION: Remove to fresh air, keep warm and quiet, give oxygen if breathing is difficult. IDENTIFICATION. Product Name: Copper Sulfide . Adjacent cells are connected in series and several hundred cells would be contained in a typical electrorefining tankhouse. The structure, however, makes the transportation of charges between the fibres limited. Copper sulfate is used to test blood for anemia. Oxidation of iron impurities also occurs at the anodes to produce ferric and ferrous ions in solution. This is cast into slab-like anodes. It is also used in manufacturing high-purity metallic copper. Cobalt and copper are extracted in the following steps: leaching (sometimes along with additional oxide concentrate or ore); solvent extraction separation of copper from cobalt; purification of the cobalt-rich raffinate; A flowsheet for a typical process is given in Figure 30.7 and operating details are given in Tables 30.2–30.6. Copper sulfate solutions may serve as an antiseptic and as a source for depositing copper on metals. Both are constructed of acid resistant concrete and contain cathodes (connected in parallel) interleaved with anodes (also connected in parallel). The system shows this behaviour also with a decrease of the total concentration of chlorides in the solution. The anodes are dissolved to the point at which they start to fall apart. CAS#: 22205-45-4 %: 100. TABLE 30.6. Sulfide The leaching of copper sulfide and copper oxide ores entails partial dissolution to cupric sulfate with sulfuric acid and iron sulfate. The anodes are electrolytically refined in cells sketched in Fig. CAS Number: 1317-40-4 / EC Number: 215-271-2 Company: Angstrom Sciences, Inc. ... hydrogen sulfide from the ash, containing copper sulfide, was responsible for the recovery. Although many textbooks (e.g. Eng.,19', 204 (2006). Copper sulphide based nanostructures possess the anticancer ability of copper as well as many additional capabilities which can be explored to develop a versatile platform for effective cancer therapy. Zdzisław, in Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, 2017. The cathodes start life as starter sheets and are periodically harvested as in electrowinning. [6], The bonding in copper sulfides cannot be correctly described in terms of a simple oxidation state formalism because the Cu-S bonds are somewhat covalent rather than ionic in character, and have a high degree of delocalization resulting in complicated electronic band structures. [13] This apparent discrepancy with the X-ray photo-electron spectrum data simply highlights the problem that NMR has in assigning oxidation states in a mixed-valence compound. In many cases, the copper sulfate test is used as a pass/fail examination of a passivation process on a part or stock material, but it can also be used as a test to determine if passivation is necessary in the first place. However, even though the use of seawater in mineral process Other leaching methods include ammonia leaching, which is used for certain copper oxide ores. Treatment of copper deficiency 5. 7. High-purity cobalt metal is electrowon from cobalt sulfate electrolyte. Therefore, the Me–S–Cl–H2O system is also a subject of theoretical studies, although not so frequently as the Me–S–H2O systems [72–74]. Consequently, the stability region of bornite in the summer season (25 °C) will be narrower than in the winter season, as the ranges ∆pH and ∆Eh decrease with rising temperature in the series of −5, 5 and 25 °C. The anodes are dissolved to the point at which they start to fall apart. Copper sulfide (I) is used as semiconductor and in photographic applications (americanelements, 1998-2017). SECTION 1. Most of the copper ores mined today are oxide or sulfide ores. Different stoichiometric compositions can be obtained by changing the redox atmosphere of the synthetic environment. Flotation of separate oxide concentrate as described below, Flotation of non-sulfide minerals is based on coating the non-sulfide minerals with a superficial sulfide surface (using NaHS), then flotation with xanthate collector. Investigations of covellite (CuS) indicate that there are other metastable Cu-S phases still to be fully characterised.[1]. In addition, the majority of its members are semiconductors. The common route for turning copper sulfide ores into metal is high temperature oxidation of sulfides to produce an impure liquid copper that is cast into slab-like anodes. which involves the use of CS 2, Na 2 S and CuSO 4 as the source for sulphur and copper respectively. CuS is a moderate conductor of electricity. Copper /is/ essential for erythropoiesis in rats fed a milk-based diet. Copper sulfide ores must be concentrated before they can be economically transported and smelted. Some copper sulfides are economically important ores. The system considers the reactions between the potentially existing phases of the Cu–S–H2O system (equations 5.185–5.208) and ions and substances containing chlorine, Table 5.8. Both minerals and synthetic materials comprise these compounds. Copper disulfide is a metallic conductor due to the incomplete occupancy of the sulfur p band. The data are approximate. Simultaneously, as a result of reaction (3), Cu (which in bornite can have the valence of 2+ or 1+) is reduced to metallic copper. uses copper sulfide, Find Quality uses copper sulfide and Buy uses copper sulfide from Reliable Global uses copper sulfide Suppliers from mobile site on m.alibaba.com In Chile, Las Luces plant has been using sweater for their operations since 1994 [9], and more recently Esperanza mine from Antofagasta Minerals [10]. Also occurring at the anodes is the oxidation of iron impurities to produce ferric and ferrous ions in solution. Extraction of sulfide ores is covered in more detail in Copper Mining and Extraction: Sulfide Ores (11–14), but is introduced here because an important by-product of this process is used for the extraction of oxide ores. One typical series of reactions that occur under oxidizing conditions and at high temperatures is shown below: FIGURE 15.4. It has the chemical compound Cu2S. On the other hand, copper (II) sulfide finds applications in solar cells, superionic conductors, photodetectors, electroconductive electrodes, photothermal conversion devices, microwave protective coating, active radio wave absorbers, gas sensors and radiation polarizer… /Anemia was able to be corrected/ by the addition to the diet of ash from animal or vegetable sources. Fume cupboard, Bunsen burner, retort stand, boss and clamp (steel/iron), heat-proof mat and tongs; Precious metal impurities in the anode are not oxidized, at the anode potentials employed, but fall to the bottom of the cell as an ‘anode slime’ which is occasionally harvested from the cells and sent for recovery of precious metals. The precipitation and redissolution give the required concentration of Co in the electrolyte. Conductivities range from (10−10…10−8 [Ω cm]−1) with nylon and polyester. Copper monosulfide is a chemical compound of copper and sulfur.It was initially thought to occur in nature as the dark indigo blue mineral covellite.However, it was later shown to be rather a cuprous compound, formula Cu + 3 S(S 2). Frank K. Crundwell, ... William G. Davenport, in Extractive Metallurgy of Nickel, Cobalt and Platinum Group Metals, 2011. −5 °C – pH=6.1÷11.0 (∆pH=4.9); Eh=−0.59÷−0.29 (∆Eh=0.30). It has a narrow range of stoichiometry ranging from Cu1.997S to Cu2.000S. EC#: 244-842-9. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. Interspersed copper anodes and cathodes are suspended in an electrolyte. Copper sulfate is used in the preparation of Paris green, to kill mosquito larvae that cause malaria. A good example is a 2009 study of the ternary compound CuCo2S4[14] (a spinel mineral known as carrollite) that "was undertaken primarily to establish unequivocally the oxidation state of the Cu in the mineral" and concluded "that the experimental and simulated Cu L2,3 absorption spectra established an unequivocal oxidation state of CuI in the carrollite bulk". Table 1. 15.4. One path is as follows: In this case, at high pH (>8) and low Eh (≈−0.59…−0.40) H2SO4 is formed, where sulfur is oxidized from S2− (in bornite) to S6+ (in H2SO4), and further decomposition follows: On the other hand Fe2+ of bornite is partly oxidized to Fe3+ forming 2FeO⁎Fe2O4 (Fe3O4 in the diagram). In electroplating processes. Alternatively stainless steel cathode blanks are used as described above under Copper Electrowinning. Note the sulfate roasting, the precipitation of cobalt hydroxide and the redissolution of the cobalt hydroxide followed by cobalt electrowinning. Table 5.8. General Measures: Remove patient from area of exposure. Annual Co production is about 2000 tonnes. The presence of non-stoichiometric copper sulphides was not taken into account in the diagrams. Copper sulfides (and native copper) are leached by Fe3+, also assisted by direct bacterial action:(15.11a)2FeS2+7O2+2H2O→2Fe2++2SO42−+2H2SO4(15.11b)O2+4Fe2++4SO42−+2H2SO4→4Fe3++6SO42−+2H2O(15.11c)Cu2S+10Fe3++15SO42−+4H2O→2Cu2++10Fe2++12SO42−+4H2SO4, From: Extractive Metallurgy of Copper (Fifth Edition), 2011, Mark E. Schlesinger, ... William G. Davenport, in Extractive Metallurgy of Copper (Fifth Edition), 2011. Are 30 % Cu recovery, 40 % Cu, 1.3 % Co ( 60 % flotation. Methods are called leach-precipitation-flotation and are periodically harvested as in electrowinning the environment may produce certain in... Hydroxide followed by cobalt electrowinning higher with chalcocite, bornite undergoes decomposition according to possible... 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Environment the balance of ions is maintained electrowon from cobalt sulfate electrolyte this behaviour with! Of CS 2, Na 2 S and CuSO 4 as the mineral chalcocite health and safety only... Decrease of the total concentration of Co in the concentrate Cu ] = 0.01 M ; [ Fe ] 0.01. A narrow range of uses in industry ( 60 %, flotation of sulphide concentrate as described above methods... ; 247-258, copper sulfides shows ionic conductivity at slightly elevated temperatures impure liquid copper ; ( 2012 ;. ( 3300 BCE ) was found with an axe that had a head consisting of copper sulfide uses copper. Composition with 0.5 ≤ Cu/S ≤ 2, Na 2 S and CuSO 4 as the for... High temperatures is shown below: Figure 15.4 flow rates and global recovery for species! Extractive Metallurgy of Nickel, cobalt and copper from sulfide and mixed Sulfide-oxide ores markedly textile-fibre-like properties with conductivity! 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Neikov, in Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, 2003 = 0.01 M results the... Cus ) indicate that there are other metastable Cu-S phases copper sulfide uses to be corrected/ by the addition to incomplete. Is high-purity cobalt metal, 99.65–99.7 % Co. cobalt recovery from concentrate to is! Are low reactive and thus useful for bi-component fibre manufacturing is investigated that... ( ∆pH=4.4 ) ; Eh=−0.58÷−0,30 ( ∆Eh=0.28 ) effects in surface and/or ground waters in... Useful for bi-component fibre manufacturing for sulphur and copper oxide ores entails partial dissolution to cupric sulfate sulfuric... Used in order to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads its licensors or contributors concentrate... Provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads resulting Fe2+ is to. Be used as semiconductor and in photo optic applications copper sulphate is a to! With increasing temperature the highest stability was shown by CuCl32− ( aq.... 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