OSHA Quiz: Ladder Safety . Federal OSHA Construction Ladder Safety. The area around the top and bottom of ladder must be kept clear. See osha.gov for ladder standards. Never use a damaged ladder… Ladder Types 1. Use a ladder only on a stable and level surface, unless it has been secured (top or bottom) to prevent displacement. Questions. Ladders are used in many jobs for cleaning, painting, changing light bulbs, accessing storage areas, reaching platforms, and more. Individual-rung/step ladders, except those used where their access openings are covered with manhole covers or hatches, shall extend at least 42 inches (1.1 m) above an access level or landing platform either by the continuation of the rung spacings as horizontal grab bars or by providing vertical grab bars that shall have the same lateral spacing as the vertical legs of the rungs. Let's take this quiz and find out now! Ladders shall not be loaded beyond the maximum intended load for which they were built, nor beyond their manufacturer's rated capacity. Injuries and fatalities associated with working on and around portable and fixed ladders are a major workplace safety problem. 9 Questions | By Rwatt000 | Last updated: Jun 23, 2020 | Total Attempts: 1125 . or OSHA Training Course. Do not exceed the maximum load rating of a ladder. (Figure 5.) When ascending or descending a ladder, the user shall face the ladder. OSHA Updates Ladder Safety Standard. This aspect of ladder safety can be highly technical and not easily memorized, especially as updates are made. Where the total length of a climb equals or exceeds 24 feet (7.3 m), fixed ladders shall be equipped with one of the following: Self-retracting lifelines, and rest platforms at intervals not to exceed 150 feet (45.7 m); or. Fixed ladders shall be provided with cages, wells, ladder safety devices, or self-retracting lifelines where the length of climb is less than 24 feet (7.3 m) but the top of the ladder is at a distance greater than 24 feet (7.3 m) above lower levels. When unavoidable obstructions are encountered, the minimum perpendicular clearance between the centerline of fixed ladder rungs, cleats, and steps, and the obstruction on the climbing side of the ladder may be reduced to 24 inches (61 cm), provided that a deflection device is installed to guide employees around the obstruction. Through fixed ladders at their point of access/egress shall have a step-across distance of not less than 7 inches (18 cm) nor more than 12 inches (30 cm) as measured from the centerline of the steps or rungs to the nearest edge of the landing area. These ladders are made of various materials—aluminum, fiberglass, wood, and steel—with their distinct strengths and weaknesses. The rungs and steps of portable metal ladders shall be corrugated, knurled, dimpled, coated with skid-resistant material, or otherwise treated to minimize slipping. If playback doesn't begin shortly, try restarting your device. The area around the top and bottom of ladders shall be kept clear. OSHA Ladder Safety for General Industry. Cross-bracing on the rear section of stepladders shall not be used for climbing unless the ladders are designed and provided with steps for climbing on both front and rear sections. The safe construction and use of ladders are vital to protect workers from fall hazards. Ladders shall not be moved, shifted, or extended while occupied. In this meeting we’ll review ladder safety basics so we can avoid easily preventable injuries. Do not move or shift a ladder while a person or equipment is on the ladder. Rungs, cleats, and steps of step stools shall be not less than 8 inches (20 cm) apart, nor more than 12 inches (31 cm) apart, as measured between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps. For a parapet ladder, the access level shall be the roof if the parapet is cut to permit passage through the parapet; if the parapet is continuous, the access level shall be the top of the parapet. Oregon OSHA. Ladders are so common that it’s easy to forget the risks involved in using them. Ladder Safety System. The bottom of the cage shall be flared not less than 4 inches (10 cm) all around within the distance between the bottom horizontal band and the next higher band; The top of the cage shall be a minimum of 42 inches (1.1 m) above the top of the platform, or the point of access at the top of the ladder, with provision for access to the platform or other point of access. Ladders shall be used only for the purpose for which they were designed. Types of Ladders. Info. Shopping. Click here to download the ladder safety program Ladder repairs shall restore the ladder to a condition meeting its original design criteria, before the ladder is returned to use. Ladders placed in any location where they can be displaced by workplace activities or traffic, such as in passageways, doorways, or driveways, shall be secured to prevent accidental displacement, or a barricade shall be used to keep the activities or traffic away from the ladder. The design and installation of mountings and cable guides shall not reduce the design strength of the ladder. Ladder safety begins with selecting the right ladder for the job and includes inspection, setup, proper climbing or standing, proper use, care, and storage. You can reduce the hazards by using the best practices in these resources. OSHA rules cover all step ladders, straight ladders and extension ladders whether they are wood, fiberglass or metal. They are the step ladder, the straight ladder, the combination ladder, and the extension ladder (OSHA, n.d.b). Slip-resistant feet shall not be used as a substitute for care in placing, lashing, or holding a ladder that is used upon slippery surfaces including, but not limited to, flat metal or concrete surfaces that are constructed so they cannot be prevented from becoming slippery. But falls can occur due to structural failure, poor placement and unsafe use. Many times workers are hasty in movement or they fail to pay attention to their surroundings. Ladders shall be maintained free of oil, grease, and other slipping hazards. Each fixed ladder: At least two loads of 250 pounds (114 kg) each, concentrated between any two consecutive attachments (the number and position of additional concentrated loads of 250 pounds (114 kg) each, determined from anticipated usage of the ladder, shall also be included), plus anticipated loads caused by ice buildup, winds, rigging, and impact loads resulting from the use of ladder safety devices. Play as. Ladders must not be loaded beyond the maximum intended load for which they were built nor beyond their manufacturer’s rated capacity. When splicing is required to obtain a given length of side rail, the resulting side rail must be at least equivalent in strength to a one-piece side rail made of the same material. An extension or straight ladder used to access an elevated surface must extend at least 3 feet above the point of support (see diagram). Non-self-supporting ladders shall be used at an angle such that the horizontal distance from the top support to the foot of the ladder is approximately one-quarter of the working length of the ladder (the distance along the ladder between the foot and the top support). Ladders shall be inspected by a competent person for visible defects on a periodic basis and after any occurrence that could affect their safe use. The ability of a ladder to sustain the loads indicated in this paragraph shall be determined by applying or transmitting the requisite load to the ladder in a downward vertical direction. The focus of this article will be on the OSHA Construction Standards for Ladder Safety. OSHA ladder safety regulations. – Look for overhead power lines before handling a ladder. Ladder Safety Training Video. Where ladder safety devices are provided, the maximum clearance between side rails of the extensions shall not exceed 36 inches (91 cm). The minimum perpendicular clearance between the center line of fixed ladder rungs, cleats, and steps, and any obstruction on the climbing side of the ladder shall be 30 inches (76 cm), except as provided in paragraph (a)(15) of this section. Inspect metal and fiberglass ladders for bends and breaks. Mountings for flexible carriers shall be attached at each end of the carrier. Inspect wood ladders for cracks or splits. Share. Avoid electrical hazards! Each portable ladder that is not self-supporting: At least four times the maximum intended load, except that each extra-heavy-duty type 1A metal or plastic ladders shall sustain at least 3.3 times the maximum intended load. (The requirements to have guardrail systems with toeboards for falling object and overhead protection on platforms and landings are set forth in subpart M of this part.). A device, other than a cage or well, designed to eliminate or reduce the possibility of falls from ladders. When the system is exposed to wind, cable guides for flexible carriers shall be installed at a minimum spacing of 25 feet (7.6 m) and maximum spacing of 40 feet (12.2 m) along the entire length of the carrier, to prevent wind damage to the system. Duration: 1 minute │ Watch now . It includes details like the weight loads, the allowable space between rungs and when cages are required. The minimum perpendicular clearance between fixed ladder rungs, cleats, and steps, and any obstruction behind the ladder shall be 7 inches (18 cm), except in the case of an elevator pit ladder, for which a minimum perpendicular clearance of 4 1/2 inches (11 cm) is required. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. Ladders shall be capable of supporting the following loads without failure: Each self-supporting portable ladder: At least four times the maximum intended load, except that each extra-heavy-duty type 1A metal or plastic ladder shall sustain at least 3.3 times the maximum intended load. Fixed ladders with structural defects, such as, but not limited to, broken or missing rungs, cleats, or steps, broken or split rails, or corroded components, shall be withdrawn from service until repaired. Have at least both hands and one foot or both feet and one hand in contact with the ladder at all times. Immediately tagged with "Do Not Use" or similar language, [55 FR 47689, Nov. 14, 1990; 56 FR 2585, Jan. 23, 1991; 56 FR 41794, Aug. 23, 1991; 79 FR 20743, Apr. Settings. OSHA requires that all of the manufacturer's requirements be followed when using a ladder, and these ladders must also be properly inspected before use. Also, the rules may vary depending on the type of ladder (fixed or portable). During the Quiz End of Quiz. 1910.28(b)(9)(i)(B) You can choose any PFAS provided it meets the OSHA requirements.1926.502(d) PLEASE NOTE: A ladder that is less than 24’ feet high does “not” require a fall arrest system of any sort. The ability of a ladder to sustain the loads indicated in this paragraph shall be determined by applying or transmitting the requisite load to the ladder in a downward vertical direction when the ladder is placed at an angle of 75 1/2 degrees from the horizontal. Do not use the top step/rung of a ladder as a step/rung unless it was designed for that purpose. For through-fixed-ladder extensions, the steps or rungs shall be omitted from the extension and the extension of the side rails shall be flared to provide not less than 24 inches (61 cm) nor more than 30 inches (76 cm) clearance between side rails. Avoid using a metal ladder near power lines or exposed energized electrical equipment. Stay safe by learning the five steps to ladder safety. Ladder Safety. The Basics of Ladder Safety. OSHA’s safety regulations on ladders include a wide range of ladder height, angle and spacing restrictions. The General Industry Standard is 1910.24-27. The side rails of through or side-step fixed ladders shall extend 42 inches (1.1 m) above the top of the access level or landing platform served by the ladder. Wells for fixed ladders shall conform to all of the following: They shall completely encircle the ladder; Their inside face on the climbing side of the ladder shall extend not less than 27 inches (68 cm) nor more than 30 inches (76 cm) from the centerline of the step or rung; The inside clear width shall be at least 30 inches (76 cm); The bottom of the wall on the access side shall start at a level not less than 7 feet (2.1 m) nor more than 8 feet (2.4 m) above the point of access to the bottom of the ladder. A cage or well, and multiple ladder sections, each ladder section not to exceed 50 feet (15.2 m) in length. Rungs, cleats, and steps of the base section of extension trestle ladders shall not be less than 8 inches (20 cm) nor more than 18 inches (46 cm) apart, as measured between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps. Always check a ladder before using it. Sequential Easy First Hard First. Each step or rung shall be capable of supporting a single concentrated load of at least 250 pounds (114 kg) applied in the middle of the step or rung. (2.1 m/sec.) Ladders must be used only for the purpose for which they were designed. Ladders must be free of any slippery material on the rungs, steps or feet. Rungs, cleats, and steps of portable ladders (except as provided below) and fixed ladders (including individual-rung/step ladders) shall be spaced not less than 10 inches (25 cm) apart, nor more than 14 inches (36 cm) apart, as measured between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps. If your workers use any type of ladder for their work, the OSHA rules must be followed. •Maintain 3-points of contact with the ladder. OSHA has specific rules about using ladders and working near ladders, as well as how ladders should be designed. More than 30,000 people are hurt each year falling off ladders. Falls happen for a number of reasons. For example, Rule 1926.1053(a)(3)(i-iii) explains that rungs, steps and cleats should be spaced between 10 and 14 inches apart, with few exceptions present. The mounting of ladder safety devices for fixed ladders shall conform to the following: Mountings for rigid carriers shall be attached at each end of the carrier, with intermediate mountings, as necessary, spaced along the entire length of the carrier, to provide the strength necessary to stop employees' falls. In no case shall the extension be such that ladder deflection under a load would, by itself, cause the ladder to slip off its support. Do you know all the 3 points of contact on a ladder? Ladders must be maintained free of oil, grease, and other slipping hazards. OSHA Subpart X-Stairways and Ladders specifies the rules for ladders. The OSHA standard for ladders (29 CFR 1926.1053) describes the safety requirements for working with and maintaining different kinds of fixed and portable ladders. The top of a non-self-supporting ladder shall be placed with the two rails supported equally unless it is equipped with a single support attachment. Fixed ladders without cages or wells shall have a clear width to the nearest permanent object of at least 15 inches (38 cm) on each side of the centerline of the ladder. The rungs of individual-rung/step ladders shall be shaped such that employees' feet cannot slide off the end of the rungs. 11, 2014], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. OSHA estimates that, for general industry companies, falls from ladders — step, straight, combination, and extension — account for 20% of fatal and lost workday injuries. The requirement to withdraw a defective ladder from service is satisfied if the ladder is either: Marked in a manner that readily identifies it as defective; Or blocked (such as with a plywood attachment that spans several rungs). Only use ladders and appropriate accessories (ladder levelers, jacks or hooks) for their designed purposes. This program covers the consequences of unsafe ladder use, the types of ladders and how to use each type, and ladder safety, inspection and storage. Under the new regulations, a ladder over 24’ foot high “will” require a person-al fall arrest system or ladder safety system. The area around the top and bottom of ladder must be kept clear. Ladder Safety. Ladders built in conformance with the applicable provisions of appendix A will be deemed to meet this requirement. Be sure that all locks on an extension ladder are properly engaged. Portable ladders with structural defects, such as, but not limited to, broken or missing rungs, cleats, or steps, broken or split rails, corroded components, or other faulty or defective components, shall either be immediately marked in a manner that readily identifies them as defective, or be tagged with "Do Not Use" or similar language, and shall be withdrawn from service until repaired. If there is ever a chance you will use a ladder at work, you need to use it safely. Always inspect the ladder prior to using it. Additional Examples Do not stand on the three top rungs of a straight, single or extension ladder. From 2017-2019, Ladders were #6 on OSHA’s Top 10 Most Cited Violations List . Falls from portable ladders (step, straight, combination and extension) are one of the leading causes of occupational fatalities and injuries. Start. or less; The connection between the carrier or lifeline and the point of attachment to the body belt or harness shall not exceed 9 inches (23 cm) in length. Ladders shall have nonconductive siderails if they are used where the employee or the ladder could contact exposed energized electrical equipment, except as provided in §1926.955(b) and (c) of this part. But did you know that falling just 4 feet (or 1 meter) can actually kill you? Mobile ladder stands with a top step height above 10 feet (3 m) have the top step protected on three sides by a handrail with a vertical height of at least 36 inches (91 cm); and top steps that are 20 inches (51 cm) or more, front to back, have a midrail and toeboard. Ladders shall be used only on stable and level surfaces unless secured to prevent accidental displacement. There are rules for installing and using them properly, as well as inspecting them. Statistics show that every year about 30,000 people will be incapacitated by ladder and ladder-replacement involved accidents. Wood ladders shall not be coated with any opaque covering, except for identification or warning labels which may be placed on one face only of a side rail. The rung spacing on the extension section of the extension trestle ladder shall be not less than 6 inches (15 cm) nor more than 12 inches (31 cm), as measured between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps. OSHA’s regulations on ladder safety include a variety of restrictions on ladder height, angle, and spacing. An employee shall not carry any object or load that could cause the employee to lose balance and fall. Ladder sections shall be offset from adjacent sections, and landing platforms shall be provided at maximum intervals of 50 feet (15.2 m). For example, rule 1926.1053(a)(3)(i – iii) states that rungs, steps, and cleats should be spaced between 10 and 14 inches apart, but there are few exceptions. Also, the rules can vary by ladder type (fixed versus portable). U.S. Department of Labor  |  Occupational Safety & Health Administration  |  200 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20210. •Always keep your belt buckle between the ladder rails. 1926.1050 provides the Scope, Application and Definitions for the Subpart. The minimum clear distance between side rails for all portable ladders shall be 11 1/2 inches (29 cm). Never use a ladder for any purpose other than the one for which it was designed. Ladder safety begins with the selection of the proper ladder for the job and includes inspection, setup, proper climbing and standing, proper use, care, and storage. 2. Ladder safety devices, and related support systems, for fixed ladders shall conform to all of the following: They shall be capable of withstanding without failure a drop test consisting of an 18-inch (41 cm) drop of a 500-pound (226 kg) weight; They shall permit the employee using the device to ascend or descend without continually having to hold, push or pull any part of the device, leaving both hands free for climbing; They shall be activated within 2 feet (.61 m) after a fall occurs, and limit the descending velocity of an employee to 7 feet/sec. What does this cover? Ladder rungs, cleats, and steps shall be parallel, level, and uniformly spaced when the ladder is in position for use. The proper angle for setting up a ladder is to place its base a quarter of the working length of the ladder from the wall or other vertical surface (see diagram). OSHA/VOSH has developed specific regulations to address ladder safety and to help prevent injuries. Ladder components shall be surfaced so as to prevent injury to an employee from punctures or lacerations, and to prevent snagging of clothing. Fixed ladders shall be used at a pitch no greater than 90 degrees from the horizontal, as measured to the back side of the ladder. Keep Up With Ladder Safety. Ladder Safety Training Video - YouTube. Ladders built and tested in conformance with the applicable provisions of appendix A will be deemed to meet this requirement. Workers often use ladders to gain access to multiple levels and areas that are hard to reach. The rungs and steps of fixed metal ladders manufactured after March 15, 1991, shall be corrugated, knurled, dimpled, coated with skid-resistant material, or otherwise treated to minimize slipping. … Difficulty. When portable ladders are used for access to an upper landing surface, the ladder side rails shall extend at least 3 feet (.9 m) above the upper landing surface to which the ladder is used to gain access; or, when such an extension is not possible because of the ladder's length, then the ladder shall be secured at its top to a rigid support that will not deflect, and a grasping device, such as a grabrail, shall be provided to assist employees in mounting and dismounting the ladder. Do not place a ladder on boxes, barrels or other unstable bases to obtain additional height. Wood job-made ladders with spliced side rails shall be used at an angle such that the horizontal distance is one-eighth the working length of the ladder. Tap to unmute. Do not place a ladder on boxes, barrels or other unstable bases to obtain additional height. If the ladder is damaged, it must be removed from service and tagged until repaired or discarded. 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